Despite successes against the various barbarian invaders such as the Goths, Vandals, and Juthungi on the Danube frontier, Claudius’ reign was cut short when he succumbed to plague which had broken out in 270 CE. Il réunifie l’Empire romain, perpétue l’œuvre de consolidation de l'Empire face aux barbares et entame des réformes religieuses et monétaires, préludes à celles de la Tétrarchie, dix ans plus tard. Son empereur Tetricus capitule sans résistance près de Châlons-en-Champagne. Aurelian began his campaign against Palmyra in 272 CE, and marched through Asia Minor, reclaiming it for Rome and meeting with little resistance. However, his service to the emperor didn’t last long. Upon arriving in the city, he had to address the immediate problem of a revolt in the city by the workers of the imperial mint. Books Palmyra never regained the power or influence it previously enjoyed after this time. Aurelian Wallby Jens-Olaf Walter (CC BY-NC-SA). He quickly showed his military talent and served most of his career as a cavalry commander. Selon André Chastagnol, l'Histoire Auguste parodie la vision de Constantin Ier racontée par Eusèbe de Césarée, opposant le miracle païen d'Apollonius de Tyane au miracle chrétien[6]. This did not resolve the matter completely, as the invaders would simply regroup and then continue their attacks in other places. Unlike prior emperors of Rome, his father was a commoner, and had no ties to politics. Aurélien commence la construction autour de Rome d'une nouvelle enceinte solide (le mur d'Aurélien), les attaques de 268-270 ayant révélé que Rome et l'Italie pouvaient être menacées. Aurélien battit les troupes de Quintillus qui fut tué, et Aurélien fut légitimé et reconnu empereur par le Sénat. Answer. L'affirmation qu'Aurélien aurait été choisi comme successeur par Claude sur son lit de mort est certainement fausse et relève d'une propagande développée vers 272. Grâce aux métaux précieux rapportés de Palmyre, à la reprise de contrôle des mines d’Hispanie et de Bretagne et à de meilleures rentrées fiscales, il fait battre une monnaie de bronze argenté de meilleure allure, nommée l’Aurelianus, en rappel de son nom[4]. La dernière modification de cette page a été faite le 6 octobre 2020 à 11:09. Some Rights Reserved (2009-2020) under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license unless otherwise noted. Once emperor, Aurelian immediately seized control of the imperial mint at Sisica (in modern Croatia), striking gold coins there in order to distribute as donatives to his soldiers and thus guarantee their loyalty. Besides victories against various invading tribes, he successfully restored the Roman Empire by bringing the breakaway territories of the Gallic Empire and Palmyra back under Roman control, which earned him the title restitutor orbis (‘Restorer of the World’). Il réunifie lEmpire romain, perpétue lœuvre de consolidation de l'Empire face aux barbares et entame des réformes religieu… Aurelian proclaimed himself restitutor orbis (‘Restorer of the World’) to celebrate this occasion. Il parvient à repousser tous les envahisseurs et bat à Pavie en 271 les Vandales et les Juthunges qui ravageaient l’Italie du Nord (bataille de Pavie). Civilian workers were mobilized to perform this task, and a wall was built to defend the city, 21 feet in height and just under 12 miles in length. The legion was Rome’s version of the army. For only $5 per month you can become a member and support our mission to engage people with cultural heritage and to improve history education worldwide. Before, he could do this, however, he was assassinated in a household plot at Caenophrurium near the city of Byzantium. Palmyre est mise à sac, Zénobie et son fils capturés. Aurélien est assassiné près de Byzance, à Cænophrurium[11],[12],[13] (actuel Çorlu, en Thrace orientale), en septembre 275. However, all of them changed the course of the Roman Empire, with many of them becoming known for their great accomplishments. Aurelian was born in the province of Rome in 214 AD. À la mort de Claude le Gothique, son frère Quintillus fut proclamé empereur avec le soutien du Sénat. Zenobia tried to flee with her son to the Sassanian Persian Empire, but they were soon captured and made to walk the streets of Rome in the triumph that Aurelian eventually celebrated. Upon returning to Rome Aurelian proclaimed a German victory but knew that this did not allay the fears of the city’s inhabitants of a renewed barbarian attack. C200, bronze DEO ET DOMINO NATO AVRELIANO AVG, Histoire Auguste : les empereurs romains des, Histoire du déclin et de la chute de l'Empire romain, The Prosopography of the later Roman Empire, Réseau des bibliothèques de Suisse occidentale, https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aurélien_(empereur_romain)&oldid=175333909, Catégorie Commons avec lien local identique sur Wikidata, Article de Wikipédia avec notice d'autorité, Portail:Biographie/Articles liés/Politique, Date de naissance non renseignée (IIIe siècle), licence Creative Commons attribution, partage dans les mêmes conditions, comment citer les auteurs et mentionner la licence. : document utilisé comme source pour la rédaction de cet article. He then turned his attention to the wars with the Juthungi and the Vandals which had not yet been finished by Claudius II. This would have opened up for him the tres militia—the three steps of the eq… Aurélien réussit enfin à réintégrer dans l'Empire les régions qui ont fait sécession. Aurelian’s next move was against the breakaway empire of Palmyra that had wrested much of the empire’s eastern possessions away from imperial control and into the hands of Palmyra’s queen Zenobia and her underage son Vallabathus. L’empire des Gaules spontanément créé pour défendre la frontière du Rhin n’a plus de raison d’être. The Ancient History Encyclopedia logo is a registered EU trademark. Un grand temple lui est dédié sur le Champ de Mars à Rome[7], orné des dépouilles de Palmyre et desservi par un nouveau collège de prêtres, les Pontifices Solis, le 25 décembre est inscrit au calendrier comme fête de la naissance de Sol Invictus (Dies Natalis Invicti Solis). Web. He followed this action with a march to the Balkans with his army, defeating Gothic forces in the area and killing Cannabaudes, their leader. Due to his prowess as a cavalry commander, he became Gallenus’ escort. In 271 CE, Aurelian found himself having to defend the empire from renewed incursions from the Juthungi, Alamanni, and Marcomanni. Ancient History Encyclopedia. Les décès des rois Shapur Ier (272) et Hormizd Ier (273) ouvrent la voie vers une nouvelle expédition. Aurelian died in 275. Like most commoners did during the time, Aurelian joined the legion. Wiki User Answered . We have also been recommended for educational use by the following publications: Ancient History Encyclopedia Foundation is a non-profit organization registered in Canada. His military success led to his first introduction to the politics of Rome. Après cette démonstration, ces derniers seront traités avec clémence : Zénobie et son fils auraient vécu à Tibur, l'ancienne reine aurait épousé un sénateur romain. Aurelian is known for promoting the worship of Invictus Sol (‘God of the Unconquered Sun’), creating an official priesthood as well as building a temple to that deity on the Campus Martius with this aim in mind. Ancient History Encyclopedia Limited is a non-profit company registered in the United Kingdom. It is commonly accepted that Aurelian probably joined the army in 235 AD at around age twenty. The Senate was wary of the soldier-emperor but, realizing that little could be done to resist him, conferred its approval upon him. Such behaviour led to corruption amongst the workers, who it seems were lining their pockets with imperial coin. Aurélien (Imperator Cæsar Lucius Domitius Aurelianus Pius Felix Augustus, Germanicus Maximus, Gothicus Maximus, Carpicus Maximus, Dacicus Maximus, Arabicus Maximus, Palmyrenus Maximus), né le 9 septembre 214/215 et mort en septembre 275, est empereur romain de l'été 270 à septembre 275. According to the fragments of the 3rd-century CE historian Dexippus, after Aurelian caught up with them, they promised him the contribution of 40,000 of their horsemen as well as 80,000 soldiers to serve in the Roman army. 2014-05-03 16:20:36 2014-05-03 16:20:36. This portrayal, however, comes into conflict with the fact that he offered mercy on a number of occasions (to the city of Tyana, to Zenobia, to Tetricus) and might imply a bias against him by the historians who wrote about him. In the events leading up to this, it seems that the workers at the mint, in the emperor’s absence, had developed an overconfident sense of independence that had crossed over the line to insubordination. With the accession of the usurper Claudius II immediately thereafter, Aurelian was made commander of the cavalry (dux equitium). The legion was Rome’s version of the army. Aurélien (Imperator Cæsar Lucius Domitius Aurelianus Pius Felix Augustus, Germanicus Maximus, Gothicus Maximus, Carpicus Maximus, Dacicus Maximus, Arabicus Maximus, Palmyrenus Maximus), né le 9 septembre 214/215 et mort en septembre 275, est empereur romain de l'été 270 à septembre 275. He had a successful career during the reign of Gallienus, but despite a flourishing career under that emperor, Aurelian nevertheless was part of the conspiracy that eventually assassinated him. After thinking he made peace with the Juthungi when meeting them at Milan in 271 CE, that tribe soon went back on their word and surprise attacked the Romans, inflicting a major defeat upon imperial forces.